Tuberculosis (TB) is an infection with a bacteria known as Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
How does Tuberculosis (TB) spread?
The Tuberculosis (TB) bacteria spreads through air when a patient with Tuberculosis (TB) in the lungs coughs. This would spread the bacteria in the environment. If a child gets exposed to a patient with active Tuberculosis (TB) disease (especially living in the house), then the child can acquire Tuberculosis (TB).
How common is Tuberculosis (TB) in children in India?
In 2020, an estimated 10 million new cases of tuberculosis (TB) were seen worldwide of which 1.1 million were children. Out of total Tubercculosis (TB) cases approximately 33% are seen in India. In India children constitute 6-7 % of total Tb Cases.
Which children are at risk for getting Tuberculosis (TB)?
Although children of any age can get infected with Tuberculosis (TB) certain groups of children are at higher risk. Children who are at a higher risk of getting active tuberculosis (TB) are:
- Young children (especially less than 1 year) are more likely to have Tuberculosis (TB). Tuberculosis is young children can spread through their bloodstream and cause complications such as meningitis.
- Children with a close family contact with Tuberculosis (TB)
- Children being treated with medicine that can weaken the immune system, such as steroids or chemotherapy etc.
What are the parts of the body involved with Tuberculosis (TB)?
Tuberculosis (TB) can involve any part of the body. The most common parts involved are the lungs, lymph nodes, abdomen and brain. Tuberculosis (TB) can also involve the bones, skin, etc.
What are the symptoms of Pulmonary TB in children?
Cough lasting for more than 2 weeks, fever, weight loss, poor appetite and weakness are the common symptoms.
Is Tuberculois (TB) is curable?
Tuberculosis (TB) is an infection and is curable with Anti_Tuberculosis medicines. The duration of treatment is usually 6-9 months depending on the extent of the disease.